Introduction In the heart of Istanbul stands Hagia Sophia, a monumental beacon of history, bridging two great empires – the Byzantine and the Ottoman. Originally erected as a cathedral under the Byzantine Empire, its transformation during the Ottoman era marks
Introduction Hagia Sophia, a jewel in the crown of Byzantine architecture and Christian worship, stood as a testament to the grandeur of an empire at its zenith. This article delves into the tumultuous events of the Fourth Crusade, focusing on
Introduction Hagia Sophia, a jewel of Byzantine architecture and a symbol of ecclesiastical power, stands as a witness to centuries of religious history. This article delves into the critical role of Hagia Sophia during the Great Schism of 1054, a
I. Introduction The construction of Hagia Sophia stands as a testament to the ambition and architectural genius of the Byzantine era. Initiated under the reign of Emperor Justinian I, this magnificent structure not only exemplified grandeur but also marked a
Introduction In the heart of ancient Constantinople, now Istanbul, stands Hagia Sophia, a monument that has witnessed the ebb and flow of empires and cultures. Its origins, known as Megale Ekklesia, reflect a transformative period in architectural history, spearheaded by
